< Reconstruction:Proto-Northeast Caucasian

Reconstruction:Proto-Northeast Caucasian/bɔrc̣(ə)

This Proto-Northeast Caucasian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Northeast Caucasian

Alternative reconstructions
  • (*bħĕrc̣ĭ (~ -ĕ))[1]

Noun

*bɔrc̣(ə) (class 3?) (oblique stem *bɨrc̣V́- /bɨrˈts’V/)

  1. wolf

Reconstruction notes

The noun class data is somewhat contradictory, Chechen and Ingush data suggest class 5, while Batsbi and Dagestani data suggest class 3. Since only class 3 forms are found both in Nakh and Dagestani, tentatively, the word may have been class 3.

Descendants
  • Proto-Avaro-Andian: *bɔc̣ (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Tsezian: *bɔc̣ǝ (oblique stem *bɔc̣i-) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Nakh: *borc̣ (see there for further descendants)

References
  • Schrijver, Peter (2021), “A history of the vowel systems of the Nakh languages (East Caucasian), with special reference to umlaut in Chechen and Ingush”, in Languages of the Caucasus‎ (in English), volume 5, →DOI, →ISSN, page 136: “*borcʾ”
  1. Nikolaev, Sergei L.; Starostin, Sergei A. (1994), “*bħĕrc̣ĭ (~ -ĕ)”, in A North Caucasian Etymological Dictionary, Moscow: Asterisk Publishers
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