-으키여

Jeju

Etymology

From 읔 (-euk-, “general speculative future suffix”) +‎ 이여 (-iyeo, “uncertain suffix, perhaps a conjugation of the copula 이다 (-ida)”).

Pronunciation
  • (Morphophonemic) IPA(key): ⫽ɨkʰijə⫽
  • (Jeju City) IPA(key): [ɨkçijə]
  • Phonetic hangul: [으키여]
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?-eukiyeo
Revised Romanization (translit.)?eukiyeo
Yale Romanization?ukhiye

Suffix

으키여 (-eukiyeo)

  1. An assertive or speculative suffix for sentence-final verbs in the "plain style" ᄒᆞ라체 (hawrache) formal non-polite speech level. See 읔 (euk) for more.
    늴도 눈 왓이민 좋으키여.
    Nuil-do nun wasimin jo-eukiyeo.
    It would be nice if it snowed tomorrow too.
    • 2009, 제주 문화 예술 재단 [jeju munhwa yesul jaedan], “ᄇᆞ뜨다² [bawtteuda²]”, in 개정 증보 제주어 사전 [gaejeong jeungbo jejueo sajeon]‎, 제주 특별 자치도 [jeju teukbyeol jachido], →ISBN, page 475:
      허리 ᄇᆞ딴 못 입으키여.
      Heori bawttan mot ib-eukiyeo.
      My hip is too small so I can't wear it.
    • 2012 August 23, 문순덕 [munsundeok, Moon Soon-deok], 오승훈 [oseunghun, Oh Seung-hun], “VI. 전통문화 [VI. jeontongmunhwa, Traditional Culture]”, in 원종섭 [wonjongseop, Won Jong-sup], transl., edited by (주)컴퍼스미디어 [(ju)keompeoseumidieo, Compass Media Ltd.], 제주어와 영어로 ᄀᆞᆮ는 제주 이야기: A Guide to Jeju Spoken in the Language of Jeju and English‎, 제주발전연구원 [jejubaljeonyeon'guwon]: 양영오 [yang'yeong'o, Yang Young-oh], →ISBN, archived from the original on 27 January 2023, 가문잔치: “아시날에 와시민 좋으키여” [gamunjanchi: “asinare wasimin joeukiyeo”], page 183:
      미진: 특별ᄒᆞᆫ 일이 엇이민 아시날에 와시민 좋으키여. [……] 기여. 오랜만의 친척 어룬덜도 보곡 느도 꼭 참석ᄒᆞ여시민 좋으키여.
      Mijin: Teukbyeolhawn ir-i eosimin asinar-e wasimin jo-eukiyeo. [……] Giyeo. Oraenman-ui chincheok eorun-deol-do bogok neu-do kkok chamseokhawyeosimin jo-eukiyeo.
      Mijin: I would like you to come a day earlier, if you can. […] That’s right. I’d like you to come and say hello to our relatives and elders at the gamunjanchi.

Usage notes

Although this ending looks to be analogous to the Korean 겠어 (-gess-eo) or 이야 (-i-ya) 해체 (haeche, “informal, non-polite speech level”) endings in terms of speech levels, in Jeju grammar, it makes a part of the "plain style" ᄒᆞ라체 (hawrache) formal non-polite speech level. This is due to the fact that the ending 마씀 (-masseum) cannot be added to it, being analogous to the Korean 요 (-yo) ending which can only be added to 하게체 (hageche) or 해체 (haeche) endings. The equivalent Jeju ᄒᆞ여체 (hawyeoche, “informal, non-polite speech level”) ending is 으크라 (-eukeura) (also spelled as 으클아 (-eukeura) by O'Grady et al.)[1][2].

Alternative forms
  • 키여 (-kiyeo) — after a vowel or ㄹ (l)
  • 이키여 (-ikiyeo) — after stems that end in ㅅ (s), ㅈ (j), or ㅊ (ch)
  • 우키여 (-ukiyeo) — after stems that end in the labial consonants ㅁ (m), ㅂ (b), or ㅍ (p)

Derived terms
  • 으켜 (-eukyeo)

References
  1. 고맹훈 (February 2018) 제주 방언의 상대높임법에 대한 고찰 상대 높임법 형태와 등급체계를 중심으로 [Study on the honorifics in Jeju Dialect : Focusing on the form and rank of the honorifics]‎, page 79-80:
    (70)ㄱ의 ‘ᄒᆞ크라’를 앞서 살폈던 (58)ㄱ의 ᄒᆞ키여와 외형적 형태를 비교해 보면, (70)ㄱ의 ‘ᄒᆞ크라’가 ᄒᆞ라체로 (58)ㄱ의 ᄒᆞ키여가 ᄒᆞ여체로 쓰일 것 같지만 그렇지 않다. ‘ᄒᆞ여체’는 높임 보조사 ‘-마씀’을 ‘ᄒᆞ여체’ 뒤에 결합시키면 ‘ᄒᆞ여마씀’과 같이 자연스럽게 연결되지만 ‘ᄒᆞ라체’는 ‘-마씀’을 ‘ᄒᆞ라체’ 뒤에 결합하면 ‘*ᄒᆞ라마씀’이 되어 비문법적인 표현이 된다. 이와 같이 (70)ㄱ의 ‘ᄒᆞ크라’에 ‘-마씀’을 결합하면 ‘ᄒᆞ크라마씀’으로 자연스럽게 발화되지만 (58)ㄱ의 ‘ᄒᆞ키여’에 ‘-마씀’을 결합하면 ‘*ᄒᆞ키여마씀’으로 비문법적 표현이 되므로 (70)ㄱ의 ‘ᄒᆞ크라’는 ᄒᆞ여체로 (58)ㄱ의 ‘ᄒᆞ키여’는 ᄒᆞ라체로 분류하는 것이다.
  2. Changyong Yang; Sejung Yang; William O'Grady (2020), “Chapter 7: Sentence Enders”, in Jejueo: the language of Korea’s Jeju Island, Honolulu, USA: University of Hawai‘i Press, →DOI, →ISBN, →JSTOR, A Segmentation Controversy (-ya or -nya), pages 200-201
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.